wwfchong's blog

Skin, the largest organ of the human body, acts as a
multi-functional biophysical interface to the external environment. The serial
interfacial phenomena along the skin/environment conjunction, particularly when
interacting with cosmetic and consumer goods (e.g. razor and shave preparation)
is determined by the interplay between the chemical structure and arrangement
of stratum corneum lipids,
environmental factors (e.g. hydration level) and also the physical
characteristics of skin surface relief. Therefore, the chemical and biophysical
properties of the stratum corneum
need to be considered jointly to approach the complexity of skin tribo-physics.
These technical challenges present outstanding opportunities for high quality

Mechanical losses account for 15% of total energy loss in an
IC engine where 45% of these losses result from friction of piston-ring
assembly. An increase in mechanical efficiency of 10% could lead to improved
fuel consumption of 1.5%. Taking into account the large number of vehicles on
road (30 million in the UK in 2010 according to the Society of Motor
Manufacturers and Traders) and fuel
consumption of 12.5 miles/litre, the potential fuel saving would accrue to