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Constitutive theory for highly entangled hydrogels by considering the molecular friction

By considering the frictional sliding of randomly distributed entanglements within the polymer network upon mechanical stretches, we develop a constitutive theory to describe the large stretch behaviors of highly entangled hydrogels. 

doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-024-3076-8

 

Constitutive theory for gels by considering molecular frictions

By directly considering molecular frictions induced on polymer chains, we have developed a nonaffine constitutive theory for large stretch behaviors of gels.

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/sm/d2sm01340a#!#

 

Rates of bond breaking between myosin and actin at different nucleotide states are systematically extracted for the first time

Recently, unusually high detachment rates of a myosin from actin were reported with a force spectroscopy technique. Here, we show that these high rates may be due to the coupling between bond breaking and state transition. Based on a kinetic model for single myosin, rates of bond breaking between myosin and actin at different nucleotide states are systematically extracted for the first time. Our results clearly indicate that myosins may adopt much higher transition rates than bond breaking rates at different nucleotide states at relatively low forces.

New view of DNA

Recently, the classical view of DNA as an isotropic elastic rod has been questioned. Here we model DNA as an elastic rod inlaid with fibrils, based on which we have made prediction that is in consistency with experiments. Our analysis suggests that the bending of short DNAs can be facilitated if there exists a specific structural heterogeneity.

http://appliedmechanics.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1841526

Capillary effect can be trivial in gecko adhesion

The present study is motivated by two classes of seemingly contradicting experiments on the effect of humidity or the capillary effect on adhesion. While one class of experiments suggests strong effect of humidity in gecko adhesion, those on micromachined surfaces indicate that the adhesion energy remains constant up to a relative humidity of 60–70% even for hydrophilic surfaces. To resolve this apparent paradox, we perform numerical simulations of the vertical peeling of a spatula pad adhered to a rough surface with periodic attachment sites.

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