In the third world, Research is so much focused on publish more papers without any specific determined purpose. Just publish more ISI papers! Number of papers publishes every year is very much but how much of them is really improved the Science?

Is Citation a good factor to evaluate the impact of a research finding on scientific society? I dont think so. but how we can evaluate research work? I think scientific society need to do it!.

Below are my findings about representative characteristics of highly quality papers! I thought about this matter so much.  Please add your notes in this regard. I think people as like as me would glad to know about how to improve their Research quality.

Research Evaluation is one of the hard tasks in scientific organization. Since it desires to critic concerning something that it is not in the field of our study. always there was diverse factors to do such evaluations. Number of papers published by a special scientist, impact factor of journals he published his papers in them and number of citations he received are different factors for evaluating the works done by scientists and evaluate their performance . citation number is most popular factor which is in use today. It used for evaluation of university faculties in universities and in rankings. It also used for evaluation of scientific impact of nations and impact factor of scientific journals. Then what's the way to write a highly cited paper? I spent about a year to find out this way. These are results of my study in this regard.

Scientific society is a large  and complicated chain constructed of individual researchers as loops. Then it is very hard and sometimes really impossible to identify everyone's role in achieve an important scientific finding.do you know who is the inventor of laptop!. there is no strict answer because too much people had role in progress of computers to their present situation.   you can not correspond every scientific discovery just to one people. of course we like to do it because we always had a hero and champion in our life from our childless  but it is not always true specially in science.  we always use "Search motors" such as Google or etc. but we don’t refer them in each of our papers. then we can’t not always trust to evaluations based on citations because all factors and important resources are not mentioned in them. another misleading thing is all cited papers are not used equally. for example each scientific paper is based on several pervious published papers but it mention too many other papers as a reference for reader or as a historical review.

Don’t just try to develop a very complicated model which can solver more general problems then before. Most general method is already exist. people can model their systems with modeling constructing atoms and their interaction with quantum mechanics but it is a really impossible one!.  Complex models have two important disadvantages as below

1. First disadvantage of more complex models it is harder to describe a system. complex models often need more variables to describe a system and finding these values are not so easy in practice. Then people need to estimate these variables and then these results to lower accuracy as like as less accurate models.

2. Complex models need more time to learning, programming, and even in computation time.

Then they never would use complex models if simpler models can result similar conclusions. then try to develop a model which is logical. Note that your model is always different from real model which are in use in practice then try a model which have logical simplification. always remember very simple formula for error of the result. error is the result is greatest error of error producers. then if you ignore one source of error in your model then it is very funny to analyze another factor which may be more negligible. or when your model is different from what is in use in practice. note this difference and neglect factors that add accuracy more that is between overall accuracy of your model.

Large percent of citations to a paper always was from peoples in topics far from main author’s topic. Then try to consult with these people to make something better for their important consumers. Interdisciplinary works are good in another point of view. People of a any science built what they could build. They need a professional in another science to build something that they don’t know how to build.

Although there is a World Wide Web which is an international network. It is very so network that sometimes your work would not be seen by its real costumer. Then try to advertise your work if you think that is valuable. This can be done by submit your work to international conferences and discuss with people there.

Reviewers are very important part to determine the quality of your work. Try to submit your paper to a journal which is more relevant to your work. (Impact factor is not important in this level). because such journal have more expert reviewer in that field. but if there are many journals who publish such works send it to journal with higher impact factor. for example if your work is really related to Vibration of systems Journal of Sound and Vibration is very good. (in addition to NATURE!) But this is not Best Journal if your work is related to even Acoustics. in that field (Journal of Acoustical Society of America) is better. Or Dispersion Science and Technology impact factor is near to 1 by if your work is related to ultrasonics in solutions send it to Ultrasonics.

Some experientialists think since their work is experimental in character. It is useful and it doesn’t need marketing. Note that there is infinity number of systems you can build in the world. From systems consisted of several Atoms to millions of them. Which is really looked-for? You need to read papers and speak with people to see what their difficulty with current available systems is. Which property in new systems is really important? Even listening to news is important. Climate change is special topic then NO2 and CO2 are two important compounds. HIV is disease of this century. Which reactions are related to that? With these news and papers you can even predict what the next revolution is? and which topics are revolutionary in this decade.

Note that is not just a result of work of one people. It is a result of the whole society. its social aspects are important as well as its professional aspects. Every time in each level of the time some discoveries must be done by scientists. Finite element method becomes useful when computers come into scene. And DNA damage and RNA damage are important because they are related to current disease. Scientists who don’t pay attention in the level of science are not so successful today. Then try to be part of new discoveries and try to predict next revolutions to be part of that.

10." Easy to Use" and "Easy to Develop", also "OPEN SOURCE" and "Open structural design"

Try to make your work easy to use. Laziness is one of important characters of humankind! People have no time to learn your hard way to state your method. State anything in easiest way that even a school student can understand what you say. If you develop a package to make it OPEN SOURCE make it READABLE too. Open source packages are not beneficial if they not be READABLE. In this regard to build your program and tool with open architecture that any one can use it as he/she wants. Market is very important thing as you know in experimental devices. Think about how your work may progress and enhance. And let people to do it. It will result in progress of your work in addition to citation for you.

 If you use high-tech elements in your work it doesn’t mean your work is a really progress for science. Important thing is physical and practical result of your work in real world. Even if it be by must elementary things. ROD LAKES made negative Poisson ratio foams with laws from elementary geometry. Number of citations you receive if you don’t abuse is much related to number of people who can use your works. Then just ask yourself this simple question, more and more, how people can use my work. It is not important your work topic be in highly cited class just try to do something beneficial to mankind. Your work would be cited.

It doesn’t contradict with interdisciplinary work. Do something in complete form.  And try to reach a big AIM. Doing one thing GREAT is very better than doing so many things but small. Have an aim which can improve science very much. each paper is a step to reach that goal.

if you work experimental focus on elements of a system is better than whole system. if you are writing computational tasks writing a program who can do something special very good is better than develop a new general computational soft and if you work on biology focus on one aspect is very better than doing general experiments. Because general concepts are discussed very much and today small concepts are future general concepts.

Roozbeh Sanaei.

Bioengineering Department.

National University of Singapore