The review paper, "Viscoelastic effects in small-scale indentation of biological materials" has been published in International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering 2007 - Vol. 1, No.2/3 pp. 180 - 197 .  This work presents both a review of analytical (linear) viscoelasticity in the context of contact-probe mechanical characterization and summarizes the available literature on application of these techniques to measurements of biological material creep and relaxation responses.  

It seems to me that tetrahedral bonding is responsible for life on earth. 

One might leap to the (reasonable) conclusion that I am referring to the element carbon and its ability to form sp3 bonds.  Life does depend on carbon, no doubt. But where does life exist, by and large?