Micro-and nano-rods have been identified for various applications in actuators, sensors, and energy harvesters. This paper develops a general framework for micro-and nano-rods based on the one-dimensional strain-gradient theory for special Cosserat rods that considers large displacement and rotation of the cross section, chirality, and size effects. Initially, we obtain the linear momentum balance and angular momentum balance equations for rods utilizing the three-dimensional strain-gradient elasticity theory.
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