On laminated structures under flexure

If you design laminated structures, such as sandwich panels, you might be interested in knowing that the through-the-thickness normal stress, properly disregarded in homogeneous structures, may play a fundamental role in triggering delamination. Additionally, about the required modelling approach, here it is shown that, under quite common circumstances, a stress recovery procedure may be enough to obtain accurate stresses, thus avoiding very expensive higher-order structural theories relying on a cross-section kinematics accounting for the through-the-thickness normal strain:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117754