Structural hierarchy through self-assembly
Architected materials with nano and microscale features can have extraordinarily high strength, stiffness, and toughness per weight. Two well-known biological materials with these characteristics are nacre (mother of pearl)1 and the claw of the mantis shrimp.2 These materials are made of up periodic arrangements of hard domains interspersed with soft matter (Fig. 1). Structural hierarchy exists at different length scales, and varies spatially across the material.
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