A thermodynamically-consistent microplane model for shape memory alloys
In this paper, a macroscopic model in a thermodynamically-consistent framework for shape memory alloys is proposed.
In this paper, a macroscopic model in a thermodynamically-consistent framework for shape memory alloys is proposed.
A soft ionic conductor can serve as an artificial nerve in an artificial muscle. A polyacrylamide hydrogel is synthesized containing a hygroscopic salt, lithium chloride. Two layers of the hydrogel are used as ionic conductors to sandwich a dielectric elastomer and fabricate a highly stretchable and transparent actuator. When the two layers of the hydrogels are subject to a voltage, the actuator reduces its thickness and expands. An areal strain of 134% is demonstrated.
The St. Venant-Kirchhof, Neo-Hookean are nonlinear for finite deformation (finite strain).
The St. Venant-Kirchoff is only linear in Lagrangian frame, as the 2.PK S stress is "linear" w.r.t. Green-Lagrange strain G. But the relationship of true stress and true strain (Cauchy stress and Almansi strain) is highly nonlinear in the Eulerian frame.
Question 1:
Why do we always say that the material is linear? Is there any material model linear? What is about Biot stress or Biot strain energy?
Question 2:
Smart materials are designed to have a controlled response to external stimuli. Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are one of the most well known classes of mechanically active smart materials and have experienced an incredible amount of research attention over the last decade. They are able to recover programmed deformations when heated above a thermal transition; however, are generally considered a one-time event. Liquid-crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are another class of actively moving polymers; however, these materials can demonstrate reversible and repeatable shape memory without the need for “re-programming” after each actuation cycle.
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Hello All,
I am Ganesh, trying to simulate 2D othogonal machining. But in simulation, the chip is not seperating from the rake face of the tool.
can any body tell me how to resolve this problem.
Thank you in advance.
I need help for material data for modeling Polyurethane material used in finite element ABAQUS software package.
The Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (www.mavt.ethz.ch) at the ETH Zurich invites applications for a full professorship in Mechanics.