As indicated in the review by Cardou & Jolicoeur (1997), and depending on the application, a helically stranded system may be modelled using a semi-continuous approach whereby each layer is replaced by a continuous helical orthotropic material. For those able to read Russian, this approach is presented in a paper by Danilin & Al. specifically oriented towards Overhead Electrical Conductor mechanics: “Modelling of Deformation of Wire Spiral Structures” published in the PNRPU Mechanics Bulletin (2015, No 4, pp.
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