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Effects of surface tension and electrochemical reactions in Li-ion battery electrode nanoparticles

The size- and shape-dependency of the chemo-mechanical behavior of spherical and ellipsoidal nanoparticles in Li-ion battery electrodes are investigated by a stress-assisted diffusion model and 3D finite element simulations. The model features surface tension, a direct coupling between diffusion and elasticity, concentration-dependent diffusivity, and a Butler-Volmer relation for the description of electrochemical reactions that is modified to account for mechanical effects.

Capturing wetting angles in transient simulations of fluids

Dear all,
I'm trying to simulate the transient behavior of a fluid and I'm finding it very difficult to capture the wetting angle.
To begin with, I only considering the idealized case.

The common approach is to apply the pressure load
p = 2 H γ
where p is the pressure (normal traction) on the surface, H is the Gaussian curvature of the surface, and γ is the surface energy
This load will of course always yield the same equilibrium shape for a viscous fluid, regardless of the value of γ.

Now, comparing with Young's relation, where one obtains a balance containing surface energies for every interface.

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