Ripplocations = surface ripples + dislocations ?
Dislocations are topological line defects in three-dimensional crystals. Same-sign dislocations repel according to Frank’ s rule . This rule is broken for dislocations in van der Waals (vdW) layers, which possess crystallographic Burgers vector as ordinary dislocations but feature “ surface ripples” due to the ease of bending and weak vdW adhesion of the atomic layers. We term these line defects “ ripplocations” in accordance to their dual “ surface ripple” and “ crystallographic dislocation” characters.