So far we have been mainly concerned with systems of a single independent variable: energy (node/4878). We now consider a system of two independent variables: energy and volume. A thermodynamic model of the system is prescribed by entropy as a function of energy and volume.
The partial derivatives of the function give the temperature and the pressure. This fact leads to an experimental procedure to determine the function for a given system.
The laws of ideal gases and osmosis are derived. The two phenomena illustrate entropic elasticity.
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